Feb 24 / Body Integratioon: Trudi Schoop / Rhythm Drumming

 

I

Check In

 1

Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) Before ATP

Instructions: The questions in this scale ask you about your feelings and thoughts during the last month. In each case, you will be asked to indicate how often you felt or thought a certain way.

Just before class, have you...

Never (0) Almost Never (1) Sometimes (2) Fairly Often (3) Very Often (4)

1 been upset because of something that happened unexpectedly? 0 1 2 3 4

2 felt that you were unable to control the important things in your life? 0 1 2 3 4

3 felt nervous and "stressed"? 0 1 2 3 4

4 felt confident about your ability to handle your personal problems? 4 3 2 1 0

5 felt that things were going your way? 4 3 2 1 0

6 found that you could not cope with all the things that you had to do? 0 1 2 3 4

7 been able to control irritations in your life? 4 3 2 1 0

8 felt that you were on top of things? 4 3 2 1 0

9 been angered because of things that were outside of your control? 0 1 2 3 4

10 felt difficulties were piling up so high that you could not overcome them? 0 1 2 3 4

 

2

Simplified Order of ATP

Fill out pre-ATP adapted PSS form

1. Drumming, singing, dancing

2. Mindful meditation (what did you learn?

3. Articulating it in writing

4. Soft drumming to close

5. Movement metaphor to end

Fill out post-ATP adapted form

 

3

 

Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) After ATP

Instructions: The questions in this scale ask you about your feelings and thoughts during the last month. In each case, you will be asked to indicate how often you felt or thought a certain way.

After ATP, do you ...

Never (0) Almost Never (1) Sometimes (2) Fairly Often (3) Very Often (4)

1 feel upset because of something that happened unexpectedly? 0 1 2 3 4

2 still feel that you were unable to control the important things in your life? 0 1 2 3 4

3 feel nervous and "stressed"? 0 1 2 3 4

4 feel confident about your ability to handle your personal problems? 4 3 2 1 0

5 feel that things are going your way? 4 3 2 1 0

6 still find that you cannot cope with all the things that you had to do? 0 1 2 3 4

7 feel you are able to control irritations in your life? 4 3 2 1 0

8 feel that you are on top of things? 4 3 2 1 0

9 still feel angry because of things that were outside of your control? 0 1 2 3 4

10 still feel that difficulties were piling up so high that you cannot overcome them? 0 1 2 3 4

 

II 

 Unit: Body Integration

Theme: Trudi Schoop / Rhythm Drumming

 

Introduction

Rhythm can be defined as a strong, regular, repeated pattern of movement or sound. Drumming is defined as a continuous rhythmic sound. Thus, rhythm and drumming put together could be described as a strong continuous rhythmic sound with a repeated pattern of movement or sound. Trudi Schoop idea of using rhythm and drumming with people with schizophrenia helped clients to develop a sense of body limits. As clients experience cathexis, their sense of body parts becomes satisfactory. The rhythm and the drumming help clients to be aware of their body parts.

 

III

Learning Objectives

• Understand the importance of observation when working with clients.

• Explain the use of body-ego technique in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia

• Gain an awareness of the importance of rhythm in Schoop's body-ego approach 

• Experience the hypothetical application of rhythm drumming on clients who have schizophrenia 

   

  IV
  

  Main Lesson 

   

   1

  In Los Angeles, Trudi Schoop worked together with Tina Keller-Jenny.
  

2

Body Cathexis

Cathexis: In psychoanalysis, cathexis (or emotional investment) is defined as the process of allocation of mental or emotional energy to a person, object, or idea.

Body Cathexis is defined as the degree of satisfaction or dissatisfaction one feels towards various parts and aspects of their own body. This evaluative dimension of body image is dependent on a person's investment of mental and emotional energy in body size, parts, shape, processes, and functions, and is integral to one's sense of self-concept. 

First recognized by Jourard and Secord, body cathexis is assessed by examining correlations between measures of self-concept or esteem and bodily attitudes. An individual's evaluation of their own body tends to drive various behaviors, including clothing choices and weight management, and the existence of a universal ideal for certain dimensions of body type is, in many cases, a source of anxiety and insecurity.

Question 1

 How is the body-ego technique useful in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia?

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 3

 

Trudi Schoop: Rhythm Drumming

 

Trudi’s use of rhythm and music was one of her most important interventions in the field. She believed that with the use of rhythm one could create a more flexible acceptance of more difficult life situations. There is rhythm in everything, and Schoop worked to emphasize that by bringing to light the rhythm in everyday activities. (Levy, 2005) 

"When the beat is firmly established, I can ask them to move their body parts to it. The fact that they are interpreting their own rhythms, not mine, makes them enjoy the performance much more" (Schoop & Mitchel, 1974, p. 199). (Levy, 2005, p. 67)

 

Question 2

 

Why was rhythm important in Schoop's therapeutic approach? 

 

 

4

 

Journal Article (Paragraph 4)

Body Image and Body Experience Disturbances in Schizophrenia: an Attempt to Introduce the Concept of Body Self as a Conceptual Framework

 

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V 

 

 A Note to Remember

 

 The rhythm drumming exercise allows clients with schizophrenia to use different body parts and subsequently develop a better sense of body limits. Recent studies describe the client's experience as a "dysfunction of perception (e.g., sensory information processing)." For instance body size perception due to tactile stimuli when dealing with schizophrenic patients reveal that they underestimated the size of their legs (Sakson-Obada, 2016).

 

VI

Case Study

 

 

Simple Schizophrenia

Question 3

Write your main observations about the patient's behavior?

Activities

 

1

• Play random instruments until they harmonize as an ensemble and create a rhythm.
• 
  
• Gather in two groups: one plays and the other dances.
• 
  
• Write about the experience as players and dancers
• 
  
• Take turns; those who danced play and those who played danced
• 
  
• Write about the experience

Question 4

 

How would you use this activity with your clients?

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2

Imagine a scenario in which the have to apply what you have learned in class so far. Developed a therapy session for patients with an inability to sense their own personality or identity. 

 

Question 5

 

Create a scenario in which, you, as the dance/movement therapist, apply the concept of rhythm in your session. Post a brief explanation of your imagined therapy session on Discussion Board. 

 

VII

Jornaling

 

VIII

Glossary

 

IX

Sources

Collins, Rachel.  Foundations of Dance Movement Therapy

://rachaelcollins.weebly.com/uploads/1/9/5/8/19584309/rachael_collins-_foudations_of_dmt_final_paper.pdf

Sakson-Obada, O. et al (2016). Body Image and Body Experience Disturbances in Schizophrenia: an Attempt to Introduce the Concept of Body Self as a Conceptual Framework. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5845076/

 

X

Student's Work